The Causes of English Writing Anxiety among Pakistani ESL Students: Perceptions of Teachers and Students

English language writing skills play a significant role in academic and professional lives the ESL context. Anxiety can have debilitating effects on learning listening, reading, speaking skills. The objective of current study was to explore causes anxiety Pakistani undergraduate students. data for this were collected from students teachers Karachi with asample that had both public private-sector representation. Group interviews held collect data. Interview protocols designed checked self-validity expert validity. Three group carried out two teachers. All audio recorded transcribed. Respondent validation technique used transcription similarly, inter-coder reliability respondents’ Urdu translation into English. findings revealed multiple students’ anxiety.